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Fish mortalities by Raphidophycean flagellates Chat tonella spp. remain to be a serious problem for aqua culture in Japan. Suffocation is generally supposed to be the direct cause of the fish death.1-4) Our previous study demonstrated that the arterial oxygen pressure (Pao2) decreased rapidly during the early phase of exposure.5) The lowering of Pao2 appears to coincide with a massive secre tion of gill mucus.6) This study was undertaken to inves tigate the mechanism of fish kill by C. marina. Two strains of C. marina, isolated by Kagoshima Prefec tural Fisheries Experimental Station in 1978 (strain '78) and 1985 (strain '85), were used. Both strains were batch cultured as previously described.5) Algae were used during the late exponential growth phase when cell concentrations reached 40,000-60,000 cells/ml. Yellowtails Seriola quin queradiata were kept in net cages for several weeks before use, fed sardine meat every day. They were transferred to a 5001 tank a few days before experiment and kept without feeding. Fish weighed 200 500g. Before an experiment, four fish were transferred to each 100 l experimental tank and kept for 12h. The tanks were continuously supplied with sea water until the experiment began. Fish were exposed to C. marina under the follow ing conditions for up to 8 h. The strain '85 was tested in five conditions. The medium with intact cells was added to the tank at a concentration of 4,000 cells/mi under illumi nation (1) and in the dark (2). The intact cells were oval in shape and motile. The medium with cells was filtered through a glass-fiber filter, and added to the tank (3). The medium with cells was frozen at -20•Ž, thawed, and added to the tank (4). By this treatment, C. marina cells were completely ruptured. The medium with cells was added to the tank with continuous agitation by a submersi ble pump (5). C. marina lost motility and became round by this treatment. Light intensity was adjusted to 5,000 to 8,000 lx except the condition (2). The strain '78 was used only under the same condition as (1). Dissolved oxygen

Oxygen Radicals are Probably Involved in the Mortality of Yellowtail by <i>Chattonella marina</i>