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Serial changes in the microvascular pattern beneath the inner epithelium and in the periodontal connective tissue attachment on the upper incisors in adult mongrel dogs, were studied by scanning electron microscopy to elucidate the process of reconstructing the vascular architecture following mucoperiosteal flap surgery. In the early stage of wound healing, capillaries beneath the epithelium in the marginal gingiva were transformed into glomeruli, in the course of the predominantly elongation type of angiogenesis. At the junctions, newly formed sinusoidal vessels were formed in the course of predominantly sprouting type of angiogenesis, and anastomosed with vasculatures between the flap and the periodontal membrane. In these newly formed vessels, vascular glomeruli in the marginal gingiva and newly formed sinusoidal vessels at the coronal side of the junctions were transformed into a capillary network beneath the inner epithelium accompanying the epithelization. At the apical side of the junctions, newly formed sinusoidal vessels showed a series of changes to cope with alterations of the tissue environment accompanying connective tissue attachment, but the vasculatures established after surgery showed a dense and irregular arrangement compared with the control side. These results show that the attachment mechanism obtained by wound healing differ from the original one.

Changes in microvascular patterns following the periodontal flap surgery.