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(Bonaparte 1850) is a subspecies of J. torquilla Linnaeus, 1758 (Ornithological Society of Japan 2000). J. t. japonica has been recorded breeding only in the southern part of the Kurile Islands, Hokkaido, and the northern part of Honshu, Japan (Fujii 1990; Satoh et al. 1996; Ornithological Society of Japan 2000). Short (1982) and Winkler and Christie (2002) suggested that the subspecies J. t. japonica is synonymous with J. t. torquilla. Ecological information is needed to clarify the taxonomic status of the Japanese population. Ants (Formicidae) are considered one of the major food items for J. t. japonica (Yamashina 1941; Kiyosu 1965), and there have been a few reports about ants as prey. Kosugi (1989) observed that chicks were fed larvae and adult ants on Rishiri Island, northern Hokkaido. Satoh et al. (1996) also reported that ant eggs and pupae were given as food, and Murai and Higuchi (1991) observed ant pupae being carried into a J. t. japonica nest. In his book, Kiyosu (1965) described ant adults and larvae as being a favored food item of J. t. japonica, and Fujii (1990) reported that ant pupae are the most common food for J. t. japonica chicks. Although the ant species recorded by Kiyosu (1965) were Lasius japonicus, and Kuro-ari (possibly Lasius nipponensis or Camponotus (Myrmamblys) itoi) and that recorded in Fujii (1990) was probably Formica sanguinea, the ant species in the reports by Kosugi (1989), Satoh et al. (1996), and Murai and Higuchi (1991) were unidentified. There has not been sufficient analysis of the ants eaten by Jynx torquilla japonica. Detailed identification of the prey ant species will help to clarify the bird’s food habits. In this paper we analyzed ant remains recovered from scats and pellets found in post-breeding nests of Jynx torquilla japonica in Tokachi, Hokkaido, Japan. This is the first detailed report on prey species for J. t. japonica. We also discuss the food habits of J. t. japonica.

Ants found in scats and pellets taken from the nests of the Japanese Wryneck Jynx torquilla japonica