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which can colonize in the intestines of humans and animals (Gilliland and Speck, 1977; Sandine, 1979; Sandine et al., 1972) acting as a probiotic (Brennan et al., 1983). Dietary supplementation with live L. acidophilus cells to maintain or improve intestinal health might be favorable, and has been advocated (Gilliland and Speck, 1977; Sandine, 1979; Speck, 1978) since antibiotic intake, digestive disorders, and abnormal and abusive food habits may diminish the multiplication and growth of L. acidophilus and reduce the number of this preventive microflora. On account of the low number of active cells in retailed dried products (Brennan et al., 1983), efforts are required to enhance the viability of L. acidophilus in commercial products. Culture dehydration of L. acidophilus was normally performed by freeze-drying which might cause damage to cells owing to the freezing and subsequent drying treatment (Bozoglu and Gurakan, 1989; Champagne et al., 1991; Marth, 1973). The culture might be mixed with some protectants in order to improve survival during the drying process (Potts, 1994). Controlled low-temperature vacuum dehydration (CLTVD), a newly developed drying method, was used to dehydrate the strain in order to avert some defects of freeze-drying, and products with quality close to those of freeze-drying could be obtained (King and Lin, 1995; King and Su, 1993). The application of CLTVD not only reduced the drying time and cost but also avoided freeze-injury to the cells (King and Su, 1993). The combination of adding CaCO3, glycerol, and nonfat dry milk solids (NFDMS) as protectants had also been studied in CLTVD and freeze-drying for the amelioration of survival during the drying of cultures (King and Lin, 1995). Accelerated storage testing is a widely used method for the prediction of storage stability and quality, and for the estimation of shelf-life (Franks, 1994; PresaOwens et al., 1995). The Arrhenius equation is the most common and generally valid assumption for the temperature-dependence of the deterioration rate (Saguy and Karel, 1980). By means of the Arrhenius relationship, the stabilities of freeze-dried suspensions of L. acidophilus were successfully predicted using the accelerated storage test method (Mitic and Otenhajmer, 1974). In this research, the accelerated storage test method was further used for predicting the stability of freeze-dried and CLTVD suspensions of L. acidophilus with or without protectants (i.e., the combination of the addition of CaCO3, glycerol, and NFDMS) in order to compare the effects of protectant application and different drying methods during storage. L. acidophilus CCRC 10695 cultures were provided by the Culture Collection and Research Center of the Food Industry Research and Development Institute at Hsinchu, Taiwan, and were maintained on MRS agar (Difco Laboratories, Detroit, MI, USA) and stored at 20°C (Man et al., 1960). Cells were cultivated in MRS broth at 37°C using a 1% inoculum. The pH of the medium was adjusted to 6.5 with 1 M HCl before autoclaving. Bacteria were proliferated statically in Accelerated storage testing of freeze-dried and controlled low-temperature vacuum dehydrated Lactobacillus acidophilus

Accelerated storage testing of freeze-dried and controlled low-temperature vacuum dehydrated Lactobacillus acidophilus.