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For the aseptic collection of water samples in a field survey, the author designed two simple microbiological samplers for surface and deep water collections. In designing these samplers emphases were laid on the following points : (a) Simplicity in mechanics, (b) use of the bottle of refreshing beverages as the sampling bottle, and hence (c) easiness in handling and low cost of the apparatus. These samplers were named UTY-S and UTY-D for the surface and deep water samplers, respectively. Construction of sampling bottle. Since the bottle of refreshing beverages, such as Coca-Cola, Pepsi-Cola, Mirinda, etc., was proved to be strong enough against hydrostatic pressure at the depth of 200 m, it was used as the sampling bottle. As shown in Fig. 1, the bottle (3) of 200 ml capacity is equipped with a silicone rubber stopper (7) with a two-way glass tube (9), to which are connected long (8) and short (10) pressure rubber tubings. At the end of the long tubing (length, 30 cm; inner diameter, 4 mm), a short pressure tubing (length, 5 cm; inner diameter, 2 mm) is connected, into the end of which a closed-end glass capillary (11; length, 9.5 cm; outer diameter, 3.5 mm; inner diameter, 2 mm) is inserted. The short tubing (10) is plugged with a glass plug (13) at the end. Before using the sampling bottle, its mouth is covered with an aluminum foil and it is sterilized by dry heating. On the other hand, a stopper set (7, 8, 9, 10, and 11) without a glass plug is autoclaved (120°, 15 min) with the silicone rubber stopper and the short rubber tubing covered separately with aluminum foils. Before field survey, the stopper set is fixed into the bottle mouth and the bottle is evacuated with an evacuation pump through the end of a short rubber tubing. After evacuation, the short tubing is pinched with chain-nose pliers and plugged instantly with a sterilized glass plug. These procedures are carried out in the laboratory just before each field survey.

SIMPLE MICROBIOLOGICAL SAMPLERS FOR THE SURFACE AND DEEP WATER COLLECTIONS