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To analyze the effects of a magnetic-field distribution and an ambient pressure on the axial, lateral, and angular impulses of a microwave rocket sustained by an external magnetic field, a shock wave propagation was numerically reproduced by solving a compressible fluid dynamics equation. This equation involved an energy source evaluated based on a fully kinetic simulation coupled with an electromagnetic wave propagation. The external magnetic field having a lateral offset against the vehicle axis was applied to the microwave-rocket nozzle to induce the asymmetric shock wave for obtaining the postural control force. Negative impulses in the lateral and angular directions were obtained when the magnetic field with a lateral offset of 3.0 cm was applied to the discharge region at ambient pressures of 0.003 atm. However, the directions of the lateral and angular impulses reversed when the ambient pressure was changed from 0.003 atm to 0.006 atm, despite maintaining the lateral offset of the magnetic field at 3.0 cm because the decay timing of the shock wave inside the rocket nozzle was changed. It is necessary to increase the vehicle radius or decrease the energy absorbed by the plasma to obtain the same direction impulse, regardless of the ambient pressure, because postural control is difficult when the impulse direction depends on the ambient pressure.

Postural Control for Beam-Riding Flight of a Microwave Rocket Using an External Magnetic Field