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The effects of charging on a ZrO 2 sintered body due to electron irradiation were investigated by means of electron holography. The charging effects were quantitatively evaluated as a function of the incident electron density. The ZrO 2 sintered body was positively charged within a transmission electron microscope. By means of simulations taking into account reference wave modulation due to a long-range electric field, we were able to obtain the amount of charge on the ZrO 2 sintered body. Further, fluctuation in the amount of charge on ZrO 2 during electron irradiation was found through the presence of an irregular contrast in the reconstructed phase image.

Electron Holography of Charging Effect in ZrO<SUB>2</SUB> Sintered Body