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The crystal structures and microstructures of precipitates formed in an Mg-0.5 at%Nd alloy aged at certain temperatures ranging between 170 C and 250 C are studied in detail by high-angle annular detector dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy. The precipitation sequence can be presented as Mg-solution! GP-zone! 0 (orthorhombic) ! 1 (fcc). At the early stage of aging (170 C for 2 h), fine precipitates of planar GP-zones appear in parallel to (100)m planes, with a thickness of sub-nm and a length of 5–15 nm (the subscript letter of m denotes matrix). With an advance of aging, the GP-zones increasingly grow larger and combine with the neighbours, thus making themselves further prolonged along the directions addressed above. When reaching at the top-stage of aging (170 C for 100 h), the alloy additionally allows the 0-phase to coexist, taking the form of lens-shape with a thickness of 2–5 nm and a diameter of 5–15 nm. The 0-phase has an orthorhombic structure (Mg7Nd) with a 1⁄4 0:64 nm, b 1⁄4 1:1 nm, and c 1⁄4 0:52 nm, which is coherently connected to the matrix. At the stage of over-aging, both the GP-zones and the 0-phase disappear and instead coarse precipitates of the stable 1-phase (Mg3Nd; fcc) are formed with particular crystallographic relations of 1⁄2001 m == 1⁄2110 p and 1⁄2110 m == 1⁄2112 p (the subscript letter of p denotes precipitate). [doi:10.2320/matertrans.M2011163]

The Structures of Precipitates in an Mg-0.5 at%Nd Age-Hardened Alloy Studied by HAADF-STEM Technique