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Mg-AZ31 based composites with 10{20 vol % nano-sized ZrO2 and 5{10 vol % nano-sized SiO2 particles were fabricated by friction stir processing (FSP). The clusters of the nano-ZrO2 and nano-SiO2 particles, measuring 180–300 nm in average, were relatively uniformly dispersed. The average grain size of the Mg matrixes of the composites varied within 2–4 mm after four FSP passes. No evident interfacial product between the ZrO2 particles and Mg matrix was found during the FSP mixing ZrO2 into Mg-AZ31. However, significant chemical reactions occurred at the Mg/SiO2 interface to form the Mg2Si phase. The mechanical responses of the resulting nano-composites in terms of hardness and tensile properties of these Mg/nano-ZrO2 and Mg/nano-SiO2 composites were examined and compared. The grain refinements and the corresponding hardening mechanisms are also analyzed and discussed. [doi:10.2320/matertrans.47.2942

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On the Hardening of Friction Stir Processed Mg-AZ31 Based Composites with 5&amp;ndash;20% Nano-ZrO&lt;SUB&gt;2&lt;/SUB&gt; and Nano-SiO&lt;SUB&gt;2&lt;/SUB&gt; Particles