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Normal human osteoblast NHOst cells were cultured on the dental Au–Ag–Pd casting alloy using the micromass culture, and the proliferation and differentiation of NHOst cells were determined. 13Au–58Ag–21Pd which met JIS T 6106 and 10Au–62Ag–13Pd which did not meet JIS T 6106 were used in this experiment. 10Au–62Ag–13Pd contained Cu more than 13Au–58Ag–21Pd. The proliferation and differentiation of NHOst cells cultured on 10Au–62Ag–13Pd were significantly decreased more than those on 13Au–58Ag–21Pd, respectively. It was suggested that the content of Cu caused the difference in the proliferation and differentiation between NHOst cells cultured on 13Au–58Ag–21Pd and that on 10Au–62Ag–13Pd. Moreover, the cytotoxicity of the Au–Ag–Pd alloy was evaluated by the MEM elution assay and the colony assay using fibroblast L929 and V79 cells, in order to compare with the cytological effects of the alloy on NHOst cells. 13Au–58Ag–21Pd showed no cytotoxicity to L929 and V79 cells in the MEM elution assay and the colony assay. However, 10Au–62Ag–13Pd showed extremely weak cytotoxicity to L929 cells and weak cytotoxicity to V79 cells in the colony assay, though 10Au–62Ag–13Pd showed no cytotoxicity to L929 cells in the MEM elution assay. NHOst cells expressed the toxicity to the proliferation and differentiation on 10Au–62Ag–13Pd clearly. The in vitro toxicity test based on the proliferation and differentiation of NHOst cells was useful to evaluate the toxicity of medical materials.

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Proliferation and Differentiation of Normal Human Osteoblasts on Dental Au-Ag-Pd Casting Alloy: Comparison with Cytotoxicity to Fibroblast L929 and V79 Cells