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AbStlBCt Tall I8rkspur (De~hinh burbeyj) is a m8jor cause of livestock death on mount8in ranges. The influence of plant phenoiogy, grazing site, 8nd rumen fill on tall lukapur consumption ~8s evaluated during July 8nd August, 19%7. Livestock consumption of l8rkspur ~8s determined using bite counts during 4 phenologierrl st8ges: bud, e8riy flower, flower, and pod. Further, we ex8mined i8rkspur ingestion in a shaded tree site 8nd in UI open sun site 8t 0, 50, urd 100% rumen fill levels using rumiarlly c8nnuUed steers. Steers on the 0, 50,8nd 100% fill levels consumed 9,15, and 17% Irrkspur, respectively (fiO.15). ,There ~8s 8 site effect (-0.06) with steers eating 17 8nd 11% lukspur in the shade and sun sites, respectively. Over the summer, iukspur comprised 6% of cattle diets. No llukspur ~8s consumed during the bud st8ge. Larkspur consumption pe8ked at 10% of c8ttie diets during the pod strge. Lepves of t8ii larkspur contrined >3% total 8lk8loids (dry weight) in erriy July, but declined greatly with matwtion. Lukspur ~8s very nutritious, with crude protein levels 12 to 20%, and fiber levels <20% during most of the summer. C8ttie diets, as determined with esopbnge8lly flstul8ted animals, were also high in crude prottin 8nd low ia fiber during the summer. We propose a toxic window hypdbesisn~gmdtoxidty.Thishypo~~ predicts th8t most c8ttie losses will occur during the flowering st8ge. We found tbrt t8ll iukspur ~8s unp8l8t8bie to c8ttie from the bud st8ge until the flowering r8cemes hrd eiong8ted, md then consumption generally incre8sed with pl8nt nmtmntion. Even though p8l8tPbility md consumption lncrersc during the gr8zing season, c8ttle c8n graze tall I8rkspur with a much lower risk of toxicosis when toxicity is low lrter in the gruing se8eon.

Effects of Phenology, Site, and Rumen Fill on Tall Larkspur Consumption by Cattle