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Air temperature or growing degree-days (GDD) are known to i~uencc morphological development of grass, but the effects of graxing history on grass morphological development has not been establbbed. Morphological development of 5 species located on moderately and heavily grrsed mixed prairie sites near Mandan, North Dakota, was determined 3 times per week from beginnbtg of growth in spring to beading. The species were western wheatgrass [Pu.scopyrum smitha Rydb. (LSve)l, blue grama [BoutelouagraciIis (H.B.K.) Lag. ex Griffltbsl, needleandtbread (St&u comutu Trbt. and Rupr.), green needlegrass (S. v&i&hr Trln.), end prabie junegrass [Koekriapyrumiduta (Lam.) Beruv.]. Regression analysis of growth stage with GDD was Unear and statistically significant for prabie junegrass (Rr=O.62), green needlegrass (R*=O.%), and needleandtbread (Rr=O.95), and nonbneu for blue grama (R2=0.95) and western wheatgrass (R2=0.97). Prior graxing management bad little effect on tbls relationship. The number of leaves and accumulated GDD required to produce those leaves varied by ercb species: prabie junegrass (4 leaves, 520 GDD), needleandthread (4 leaves, 640 GDD), green needlegrass (4 leaves, 800 GDD), blue gram8 (5 leaves, 1,300 GDD), and western wbeetgrass (6 leaves, 1,450 GDD). Besed on tbe species and conditions of tbis study, plant growth stage csn be predicted from accumulated GDD and used for predicting grazing readiness and in development of forage growth models.

Relationship among Grazing Management, Growing Degree-Days, and Morphological Development for Native Grasses on the Northern Great Plains