English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Zendy Plus

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Zendy Tools

Zendy Open

Blue grama has not established itself on abandoned farmland in the Central Plains. This study was conducted to determine the environmental conditions which limit the growth of the seminal and adventitious roots of blue grama seedlings in northeast Colorado. Field seedings of blue grama were made in both spring and late summer of 1973 and 1974. It was found that the soil surface had to remain moist for 2 to 4 days for blue grama seeds to germinate and initiate growth of the seminal root. A second moist period of 2 to 4 days was required some 2 to 8 weeks later in order for adventitious roots to initiate growth. If adventitious roots were not initiated, blue grama seedlings died during the winter. Seminal roots of blue grama grew 1 cm day-l under favorable soil-moisture and temperature conditions, and only 0.6 cm day-’ under less favorable conditions. Adventitious roots grew 2.3 cm day-’ under favorable soil-moisture and temperature conditions, and only 0.7 cm day-’ under less favorable conditions. A warm-season forage grass is needed to take full advantage of 80% of the annual precipitation which occurs during April through September on the Central Plains. Cool-season grasses, such as crested wheatgrass (Agropyron desertorum), are needed for early spring grazing; but precipitation in the spring is too undependable and temperatures during the summer are too high for consistent, long-term production. In many situations, warmseason grasses would be the best species to revegetate denuded areas on the Central Plains. Blue grama (Bouteloua grucilis) appears to be the most promising warm-season grass for use in revegetation of the drier areas of the Central Plains because, once established, it is persistent, productive, and of high forage value. The use of blue grama for revegetation in the Central Plains is limited because of difficulties in its establishment from seed. Blue grama has not re-established itself in areas that were plowed 40 years ago, and attempts to plant blue grama have seldom been successful (Bement et al. 1965; Hyder et al. 197 1). Low seed weight, the potential for only one seminal root (Hyder 1974), a limited capacity for water uptake by the seminal root (Wilson et al. 1976), and a seedling form that places the crown (from which adventitious roots may develop) at an average depth of only 0.2 cm (Hyder et al. 1971) contribute to the difficulties encountered in the establishment of blue grama. Authors are, respectively, plant physiologist. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Science and Education Administration, Federal Research, Crops Research Laboratory, Colorado State University. Fort Collins; and former graduate research assistant, Department of Range Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80513. Briske is currently assistant professor, Department of Range Science, Texas A&M University, College Station. The study involved cooperative investigations of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, SEA. Federal Res. and the Colorado State Univ. Exp. Sta. Fort Collins 80513. (Scientific Series Paper No. 2318). The authors thank Edward Lawlor, former research technician, for asistance with the sampling of soil and seedling roots. Manuscript received April 20, 1978. JOURNAL OF RANGE MANAGEMENT 32(3), May 1979 Consequently there is a need for improved planting methods and seedlings with improved drought resistance characteristics. The objectives of this study were to measure soil temperature and moisture conditions during the initiation and growth of seminal and adventitious roots of blue grama seedlings on the Central Plains and define the environmental requirements for root growth.

Seminal and Adventitious Root Growth of Blue Grama Seedlings on the Central Plains