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National audienceThe increase in non-monetary payments in Russia is the output of both a tight monetary policy and the persistence of the soft budget constraint. The State, by allowing fiscal arrears and in-kind payments, and the enterprises, by using wage arrears as a way of accommodating the budget constraint, make a short term arbitrage which favours the level of employment and further delay in restructuring. Unemployment is positively correlated in the long run with fiscal and wage arrears, but in the short run, any increase in the latter has a positive impact on the fluctuation of employment.La démonétisation de l'économie russe est le produit d'une politique monétaire restrictive conjuguée au maintien de la contrainte budgétaire douce. L'État, qui autorise les arriérés fiscaux ou l'acquittement des impôts en nature, et les entreprises, qui accumulent des arriérés salariaux, arbitrent à court terme en faveur du maintien de l'emploi dans des entreprises qui diffèrent la restructuration. Le chômage est corrélé positivement à long terme aux arriérés fiscaux et salariaux, mais à court terme l'augmentation de ces derniers influence positivement l'évolution de l'emploi

Démonétisation en Russie: Un arbitrage favorable au maintien de l'emploi