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Today we celebrate the adoption, just fifty years and three weeks ago, of our Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. The Rules formally went into effect on September 16, 1938, after Congress declined to modify or reject them.1 They had been transmitted by the Supreme Court to the Attorney General on December 20, 1937, and in turn by the Attorney General to Congress on January 3, 1938.2 They were the offspring of the Rules Enabling Act, finally passed by Congress in 1934 after twenty years of battle in the Senate and elsewhere.3 It is fitting that these proceedings should have been arranged by Professor Subrin with the aid of so many other eminent proceduralists, including as discussion leaders Professors Burbank, Carrington, Silberman, Shapiro, and Rosenberg. While adoption of the Rules Enabling Act was due to the work of political figures like Taft, Shelton, Hughes, and Cummings,4 the initial success of the Civil Rules largely resulted from the drafting and theoretical work of academics like Clark, Moore, and Sunderland. And the vitality of the Rules has been, in large measure, the result of work of academic reporters and members of the Advisory Committee, like Professors Carrington, Kaplan, Miller, and Sacks. Jurists may be tempted to applv their own versions of procedure

After Fifty Years of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure: Are the Barriers to Justice Being Raised?