English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Zendy Plus

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Zendy Tools

Zendy Open

The essay explores relations of gender and class, and the strategies developed by male unionists in defence of masculine craft status in the International Typographical Union (ITU), the International Printing Pressmen's and Assistants' Union (IPP&AU), and the International Brotherhood of Bookbinders (IBB), between 1850 and 1914.   The ITU and IPP&AU organized along masculine craft lines and effectively defended their status within the workplace with industrial capitalist incursions and the mechanization of the production process. A crisis to male domination of typesetting occurred with the introduction of machine typesetting in newspaper production during the early 1890s. The ITU succeeded in securing control over the operations of the machines for its predominately male membership. By the mid-19th century the work of press feeder was defined as unskilled work suitable for women and boys. With the introduction of larger and faster presses during the last two decades of the 19th century, the IPP&AU struggled to appropriate the task for masculinity using the male breadwinner ideal. The IBB actively supported the organization of women bindery workers from its inception in 1892, albeit with the intent of protecting the interests of journeymen.   Resumes   L'etude examine les rapports sociaux de sexe et de classe, et les pratiques syndicales masculines visant a defendre le statut des hommes de metier dans l'International Typographical Union (ITU), l'International Printing Pressmen's and Assistants' Union (IPP& AU), et l'International Brotherhood of Bookbinders (IBB), de 1850 a 1914.   Le statut dominant des typographes fut menace au debut des annees 1890 par l'avenement de la machine a composer dans les imprimeries de journaux. L'ITU parvint toutefois a endiguer l'impact de la mecanisation en reservant le controle des nouvelles machines pour ses ouvriers syndiques masculins. Par ailleurs, l'alimentation des presses fut d'abord percu, depuis le milieu de 19e siecle, comme une tâche non specialisee accessible aux femmes et aux garcons. Suite a l'introduction de presses plus massives et plus rapides, en fin de siecle, l'IPP&AU s'efforca de masculiniser cette tâche en professant l'ideologie patriarcale du soutien de famille. Bien qu'elle ait surtout voulu proteger les interets des travailleurs masculins, l'IPP se fit neanmoins partisane de la syndicalisation des femmes relieuses des sa formation, en 1892.

Defending "The Art Preservative": Class and Gender Relations in the Printing Trades Unions, 1850-1914