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lntroduction In 1975, Janssen Pharamaceutica produced a new morphine-like analgesie called Carfentanyl (R 33799). It was derived from the piperidine-derivative Fentanyl. Fentanyl is between 20-40 times more potent than Morphine, depending on the species in which it is used3,8.12.13 and Carfentanyl is considered to be more potent than this. In rats, Carfentanyl was found to be 20 times stronger than Fentanyl,12 and de Vos 1 gives the subjective potencies of Carfentanyl: Etorphine: Fentanyl as 20:15:1. So far Carfentanyl has been used in 24 mammalian species with variable results.I.2,4.6.7.9.lo.11 In common with other morphine-like drugs, its narcotic effects can be counteracted by the morphine antagonists I.2·6.7 though in the dog,4 rafl and guinea pig9.IO the animals recovered without the use of an antagonist. Oue to Carfentanyl's propensity to cause varying degrees of CNS excitation during the induction phase various neuroleptics were combined with Carfentanyl to reduce or eliminate this undesirable side effect. 1.2.6, 7 Oue to the favourable results of the field trials with Carfentanyl is was decided to test out the efficacy of the drug, with or without the neuroleptic Xylazine, on various mammalian species within the zoological gardens.

The Use of the Morphine-like Analgesic Carfentanyl in Captive Wild Mammals at Tierpark Hellabrunn