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International law is generally regarded as the law for the conduct of nations and is based upon the general assent of the members of the family of nations. Its sources are custom and lawmaking treaties.' Neutrality is an integral chapter of international law. It has been defined as the condition of those states which in time of war take no part in the contest, but continue pacific intercourse with the belligerents.2 It is usually considered under two headings, the first pertaining to the rights and duties of belligerent states and of the nationals thereof, and the second to the rights and duties of neutral states and of the nationals thereof.3 These rights and duties are correlative and neutrality can be violated by neutrals as well as belligerents. It is the purpose of this article to discuss only the law pertaining to the rights of neutral states and the legal bases for claims by or against such neutral states for reparations and damages resulting from violations of such neutral rights. The remaining and by far the greater part of the international law of neutrality will be discussed only when it affects the question of neutral rights or when it may serve as a defense for alleged violations of neutral rights. It will be noted that wherever the word "damages" is used throughout this article it is to be distinguished from the term "reparations." Damages are usually included in demands for reparations, which is the term usually employed in referring to claims for violations of neutral rights and which embraces not only monetary compensation, but all the international acts which must be taken by the offending belligerent to restore the international prestige of the offended neutral. Wherever use.d herein,

Claims for Reparations and Damages Resulting from Violation of Neutral Rights