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The most common producers of mycotoxins are fungi of the genera Aspergillus,  Fusarium and Penicillium. Toxins are of extreme importance because it can be  transmitted from animals to humans through milk and animal products, some of  which are carcinogenic and teratogenic. Mycotoxins cause a health disturbance  of all animals, but the effects are more noticeable in highly productive  animals in the farm way of keeping considering the much greater consumption  of concentrate feeds, although forages also can be contaminated with  mycotoxins in a significant manner. Mycotoxicoses are the most com­mon  seasonal illnesses, and are an important diagnostic problem in veterinary  practice, because its characteristics often resemble diseases caused by  pathogens or nutritional deficiency or imbalance. The degree of health  disturbances depends on the amount of toxins in feed and the length of  intaking as on types and categories of animals. The presence of mycotoxins in  animal feed is inevitable and therefore testing of raw materials and products  is necessary so that feed for humans and animals can be safe for use. Damages  arising as consequences of mycotoxicosis in poultry and swine production, due  to the direct loss because of animals lossor, more commonly, indirectly due  to the fall productive and reproductive performances of animals, imposed the  need for continuous monitoring of the hygienic quality of feed mixtures for  feeding these animals. During a five year period (2007-2012) were analyzed a  total of 104 samples from the territory of Republic of Serbia intended for  nutrition of all categories of poultry and mixtures for the initial and final  fattening broilers (50 samples) and laying hens (54). The analysis included  57 samples of feed mixtures intended for all categories of swine - feed  mixture for young (20 samples) and the old categories (37 samples) and 196 of  the samples, which are commonly used in formulating rations for listed  species (maize, soybean and sunflower meal). For the analysis of the samples  was used thin layer chromatography and Elisa test. The results were compared  with current Regulations on the quality of the feed (Official Gazette of RS  41/09) in force since 1.05.2010. in the part where the maximum allowable  quantities of hazardous substances (Article 99) gives the value of the  maximum permitted levels of mycotoxins in animal feed. The number and types  of mycotoxins vary depending on the feed, as well as on the year which can be  directly related to climatic factors, and the average annual humidity. The  fact that in the samples was not detected the presence of aflatoxin indicate  that in our conditions toxin producing fungi do not find fertile ground for  the production of toxins, as well as the absence of certain nutrients in the  production of complete feed mixtures for pigs and poultry, which are the  traditional sources of aflatoxin (peanut oil meals). The results are  encouraging given the fact a relatively small number of defective mixtures  and nutrients. However, the fact that only a limited number of feed sam­ples  we received for the analysis suggests further caution and constant monitoring  of the presence of mycotoxins in animal feed. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke  Republike Srbije, br. III 46 002 i br. 46 009

zbornik matice srpske za prirodne nauke

Degree of mycotoxicological contamination of feed and complete feed mixtures for pigs and poultry during the period 2007-2012. on the territory of the republic of serbia