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Background/Aim. Transforming growth factor-b1 (TGF-b1), oxidative stress and  imbalance between matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their tissue  inhibitors (TIMPs) may play an important role in pathogenesis of  pseudoexfoliation syndrome/glaucoma (PEX Sy/Gl). The aim of the study was to  measure concentrations of TGF- b1, MMP-2, TIMP-2 in the aqueous humor in the  examined group, as well as to compare the biochemical findings with the  following clinical parameters: degree of chamber angle pigmantation, presence  of pseudoexfoliation and the value of intraocular pressure (IOP). Methods.  Aqueous samples from 30 patients with cataract, 30 patients with PEX Sy, 36  patients with PEX Gl, and 42 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG)  were collected during phacoemulsification cataract surgery. TGF b1, MMP-2,  TIMP-2 Fluotokine Multi Analyze Profiling kits and Luminex technology were  used to simultaneously measure TGF b1, MMP-2 and TIMP-2. Results. TGF- β1,  MMP-2, TIMP-2 were detected in human aqueous from all the groups with the  highest level in the group with PEX Gl. Statistically, a significant  correlation between the levels of TGF b1, MMP-2, TIMP-2 in the aqueous humor  of the patients with PEX Gl and the IOP value was confirmed (p < 0.05). In  this group, the positive correlations between the TGF b1 concentration in the  aqueous humor and the presence of pseudoexfoliation (p < 0.01), on the one  hand, and between the TIMP-2 level and the presence of pseudoexfoliation (p <  0.05), on the other, were reported. A statistically significant positive  correlation of TGF-b1 and MMP-2, and the degree of chamber angle pigmentation  in the PEX Gl group was confirmed (p < 0.05). In the POAG group, TIMP-2  values were in a negative correlation with the degree of pigmentation (p <  0.05), and the IOP value (p < 0.05). Conclusion. TGF b1 and MMP-2 affect the  degree of chamber angle pigmentation and the degree of pseudoexfoliation in  patients with pseudoexfoliative glaucoma

Transforming growth factor β1, matrix metalloproteinase-2 and its tissue inhibitor in patients with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma/syndrome