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Sharkskin-inspired riblets are widely adopted as a passive method for drag   reduction of flow over surfaces. In this research, Large Eddy Simulation of   turbulent flow over riblet-structured surface in a rectangular channel   domain were performed at various Reynolds numbers, ranging from 4,200 to   10,000, to probe the resultant drag change, compared to smooth surface. The   changes of mean streamwise velocity gradient in wall-normal direction at   varied locations around riblet structures were also investigated to educe   mechanisms of streamlined riblet in reducing drag. The computational model   is validated by comparing the simulation results against analytical and   experimental data, for both smooth and riblet surfaces. Results indicating   that the performance of the proposed streamlined riblet shows 7% drag   reduction, as maximum, which is higher than the performance of L-shaped   riblet with higher wetted surface area. The mean velocity profile analysis   indicates that the streamlined riblet structures help to reduce longitudinal   averaged velocity component rate in the normal to surface direction of near   wall region which leads to laminarization process as fluid flows over riblet   structures.

Large eddy simulation of near-wall turbulent flow over streamlined riblet-structured surface for drag reduction in a rectangular channel