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In the present study, the effect of suspension of nanoparticle on mixed  convection flow is investigated numerically in lid driven cavity with fins on  its hot surface. Study is carried out for Richardson numbers ranging from 0.1  to 10, fin(s) height ratio change from 0.05 to 0.15 and volume fraction of  nanoparticles from 0 to 0.03, respectively. The thermal conductivity ratio  (kfin/kf) is equal to 330 and Grashof number is assumed to be constant (104)  so that the Richardson numbers changes with Reynolds number. Results show  that the heat transfer enhances by using nanofluid for all studied Richardson  numbers. Adding fins on hot wall has different effects on heat transfer  depend to Richardson number and height of fins. Use of low height fin in flow  with high Richardson number enhances the heat transfer rate while by  increasing the height of fin the heat transfer reduces even lower than it for  pure fluid. The overall enhancement in Nusselt number by adding 3%  nanoparticles and 3 fins is 54% at Ri=10. They cause reduction of Nusselt  Number by 25% at Ri=0.1. Higher fins decrease the heat transfer due to  blocking fluid at corners of fins.

Study of convection heat transfer enhancement inside lid driven cavity utilizing fins and nanofluid