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A numerical study of natural convection heat transfer through an  alumina-water nanofluid inside L-shaped cavities in the presence of an  external magnetic field is performed. The study has been carried out for a  wide range of important parame­ters such as Rayleigh number, Hartmann number,  aspect ratio of the cavity and solid volume fraction of the nanofluid. The  influence of the nanoparticle, buoyancy force and the magnetic field on the  flow and temperature fields have been plotted and discussed. The results show  that after a critical Rayleigh number depending on the aspect ratio, the heat  transfer in the cavity rises abruptly due to some significant changes in flow  field. It is also found that the heat transfer enhances in the presence of  the nanoparticles and increases with solid volume fraction of the nanofluid.  In addition, the performance of the nanofluid utilization is more effective  at high Ray­leigh numbers. The influence of the magnetic field has been also  studied and de­duced that it has a remarkable effect on the heat transfer and  flow field in the cavity that as the Hartmann number increases the overall  Nusselt number is significantly decreased specially at high Rayleigh numbers

Heat transfer augmentation of magnetohydrodynamics natural convection in L-shaped cavities utilizing nanofluids