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Friction stir welding is a solid-state welding technique that utilizes  thermomechanical influence of the rotating welding tool on parent material  resulting in a monolith joint - weld. On the contact of welding tool and  parent material, significant stirring and deformation of parent material  appears, and during this process, mechanical energy is partially transformed  into heat. Generated heat affects the temperature of the welding tool and  parent material, thus the proposed analytical model for the estimation of the  amount of generated heat can be verified by temperature: analytically  determined heat is used for numerical estimation of the temperature of parent  material and this temperature is compared to the experimentally determined  temperature. Numerical solution is estimated using the finite difference  method - explicit scheme with adaptive grid, considering influence of  temperature on material's conductivity, contact conditions between welding  tool and parent material, material flow around welding tool, etc. The  analytical model shows that 60-100% of mechanical power given to the welding  tool is transformed into heat, while the comparison of results shows the  maximal relative difference between the analytical and experimental  temperature of about 10%

Temperature based validation of the analytical model for the estimation of the amount of heat generated during friction stir welding