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Recently, a gathering in tribute to forty years of the Academy of Medical Sciences (AMS) as a constitutive part of the Serbian Medical Society (SMS) was held at the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts. This was an opportunity to review its establishment, basic principles, and results (Figure 1). The AMS is an integral part of the SMS, and was officially established in 1976. The SMS was founded in 1872 as one of the first medical societies in Europe. For 145 years now it has been serving as the basic professional society in medicine and dentistry for generations of medical practitioners. It has been a place for extensive communication, exchange of experience in practice, and new scientific contributions over the years, which all contributed to the development of healthcare services and medical standards in Serbia. After the Second World War, gradually, with the increased number of medical doctors educated in Serbia and new health services, the number of specialized sections in the SMS grew, in order to deal with the ever-increasing amount of information in medical practice and science. The idea that an academy of medical sciences should be formed was discussed at a broad level in medical centers and the Association of Medical Societies in the former Yugoslavia in 1960s, but a united academy was never formed. Within the SMS, an initiative council was formed to establish basic principles for the Medical Academy (MA). At the assembly of the SMS held on December 15, 1976, the MA was officially formed [1]. The first members were introduced and elected according to the SMS Statutory decision and its high criteria. In 1977, as a substructure of the MA, scientific groups were formed and named Scientific Group for Surgery, Scientific Group for Internal Medicine, and Scientific Group for Preventive Medicine. Multidisciplinary Scientific Group was formed in 1994, and later, in 1999, it was linked to the Scientific Group for Preventive Medicine, forming the Scientific Group for Preventive and Multidisciplinary Medicine. In the same year, at the Assembly of the MA, new constitutive parts were formed in Vojvodina and Niš. The Medical Academy changed its name to Academy of Medical Sciences of the Serbian Medical Society in 2000 [2, 3]. Members of the AMS may be regular, associate, honorary, and foreign. Election criteria are similar to those for the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts. The overall number of members at present is 298, out of which 132 members are regular, 79 associate, 61 honorary, and 26 foreign, which is around 1% of the total number of SMS members (Figure 2). The basic principles of AMS activities are determined in Article 10 of the SMS Statutory proposals as stated below:

Forty years of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the Serbian Medical Society