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In the Copioso risretto de gli anali di Rausa (1605), written by the Ragusan   chronicler Jakov Lukarevic (Giacomo Luccari), we find a report on the   persecution of witches in the Nemanjic State. According to Lukarevic, grand   zupan Stefan Nemanja and tsar Stefan Dusan persecuted witches in their   country, and moreover, tsar Dusan burned the books of magic called   ?Grominjak? in Slavic language. This report can?t be confirmed by any other   historical source, contemporary or later, but we think that Lukarevic didn?t   invent the story. We reckon that Lucarevic based his report on the   persecution of witches on certain historical events. The persecution of   heretics during Nemanja?s reign could?ve been that on which Lukarevic based   his story of Nemanja?s persecution of witches. In the time of Stefan Dusan   the legislation sanctioned the practice of magic (though, the practitioners   are predominantly termed as males); perhaps the tsar has persecuted   individually some wizards or sorcerers that had broken the law. But this   certainly couldn?t have been a true witch hunt, like those that Lukarevic   could?ve witnessed in his time. Likewise, Grominjak in fact could?ve been   the same as gromovnik, an astrological and meteorological manual used in   mediaeval Serbia for divination by thunders and earthquakes; this handbook   could?ve seemed to Lukarevic as a real grimoire used for summoning demons.   And since numerous manuscripts of gromovniks have survived, they obviously   hadn?t been systematically destroyed by the authorities. Our conclusion is,   therefore, that Jakov Lukarevic knew of some real events that were   influenced by his own experience and knowledge which ultimately shaped his   story into one of an early modern witch hunt ?transported? into mediaeval   Serbian state.

Estirpò ancora delli suoi paesi le strighe - The one (and only) report on the persecution of witches in the Nemanjic state