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The efficacy of spinosad and abamectin against T. castaneum adults from a laboratorypopulation with normal susceptibility to contact insecticides and against malathion-resistantpopulations from Nikinci and Jakovo was tested in the laboratory (25±1ºC and 60±5%r.h.). The insecticides were applied to 500 g of untreated wheat grain for each of the followingapplication doses: 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.5 and 5.0 mg a.i./kg. After treatment, wheat was dividedinto three equal subsamples and 50 T. castaneum adults from each of the three test populationswere released the next day into jars for each dose. Mortality was evaluated after 7,14 and 21 days of exposure to treated wheat grain.Generally, higher concentrations and longer exposure periods resulted in higher efficacyof both insecticides, but abamectin was significantly more effective than spinosadagainst all three tested populations. After 7 days of exposure, mortality did not exceed30% in any test variant. Fourteen days after treatment with the highest dose (5 mg/kg)of spinosad, mortality was highest (75%) in the laboratory population, while treatmentwith the same dose of abamectin achieved the highest mortality (58%) in the laboratoryand Jakovo populations. After 21 days, spinosad applied at the rate of 5 mg/kg was mosteffective (97% mortality) in the laboratory population, while 88% efficacy was recorded inJakovo population and 87% in Nikinci population. Abamectin doses of 2.5 and 5 mg/kgcaused high adult mortality of 94-100% in the laboratory and Jakovo populations, and a significantlylower mortality in Nikinci population (75 and 86%, respectively).Statistically significant differences in the efficacy of spinosad, and particularly ofabamectin, were detected among the three tested populations, the greatest differencebeing between the laboratory and Nikinci populations, which clearly indicates that resistanceof T. castaneum adults to malathion had a significant influence

Efficacy of spinosad and abamectin against different populations of red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum Herbst) in treated wheat grain