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Biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) was fabricated through hot pressing process  from hydroxyapatite (HA) starting powder synthesized by a peroxide-based  precipitation method and dried at 250°C. The synthesized HA powder contained  some calcium hydrogen phosphate (CHP) as a minor phase. In this work, the  dense BCP ceramics with a mixture of HA and β-TCP phases were successfully  obtained by hot pressing at temperature ranging from 700-1100°C. The amount  of HA phase in the hot pressed samples decreased with increasing sintering  temperature from 700 to 900°C, while the amount of β-TCP exhibited an  opposite trend. The relations between the microstructure and mechanical  properties of the dense BCP ceramics sintered in the temperature range  700-1100°C were investigated. The sample hot pressed at 800°C has a dense  structure with the highest hardness (4.86 ± 0.19GPa) and the lowest fracture  toughness (0.80 ± 0.01MPa•m1/2). In addition, biocompatibility of apatite  layer formed after immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) for 14 days can be  observed by SEM images. The results revealed that the samples hot-pressed at  800 and 900°C were covered by calcium phosphate (CaP) crystal layer  indicating the strong interaction of BCP ceramics and SBF.

Microstructure-property relations of biphasic calcium phosphate obtained by hot pressing process