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Highly porous hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, HAp) catalyst support was  prepared through hydrothermal transformation of aragonitic cuttlefish bone  (Sepia Officinalis, L., Adriatic Sea) at 200°C, preserving the natural well  interconnected porous structure. To deposit the TiO2 catalyst on the pore  walls of the HAp support two methods were used: i) vacuum impregnation of  the support with the suspension of a commercial TiO2 nanopowder in  isopropanol and ii) in situ synthesis of TiO2 on the support by sol-gel  technique. XRD analysis and FTIR spectroscopy were used to determine the  phase composition of the material. The morphology and microstructure of the  composite samples were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The  presence of TiO2 particles on the HAp surface was determined by SEM/EDX  analysis. To determine the specific surface area and pore size,  Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method was used. The results of the BET method  showed the increased specific surface area and pore size reduction after  impregnation of TiO2 into the HAp carrier. The photocatalytic activity of  HAp/TiO2 samples was studied in a batch reactor with an annular UV-A lamp  using salicylic acid as a model water pollutant. The results indicated the  suitability of prepared HAp supported TiO2 catalysts for photocatalytic  applications.

Highly porous hydroxyapatite derived from cuttlefish bone as tio2 catalyst support