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The synthesis and characterization of a new unsymmetrical porphyrin liquid crystal, 5-(4-stearoyloxyphenyl)phenyl-10,15,20-triphenylporphyrin (SPTPPH2) and its transition metal complexes (SPTPPM, M(II) = Zn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu or Mn) are reported. Their structure and properties were studied by elemental analysis, and UV-Vis, IR, mass and 1 H-HMR spectroscopy. Their luminescent properties were studied by excitation and emission spectroscopy. The quantum yields of the S1 → S0 fluorescence were measured at room tem- perature. According to thermal studies, the complexes have a higher thermal stability (no decomposition until 200 °C). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) data and an optical textural photograph, obtained using a polarizing microscope (POM), indicate that the porphyrin ligand had liquid crystalline character and that it exhibited more than one mesophase and a low-lying phase transition temperature, with transition temperatures of 19.3 and 79.4 °C; the temperature range of the liquid crystal (LC) phase of the ligand was 70.1 °C.

An unsymmetrical porphyrin and its metal complexes: Synthesis, spectroscopy, thermal analysis and liquid crystal properties