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Chromium is a high value metal and the retention of the same during the  refining of high carbon ferrochrome as well as high alloy steel has  significant economic and environmental impacts. The loss of chromium during  the decarburization is generally minimized using argon-oxygen mixtures  thereby reducing the oxygen partial pressure (PO2) of the oxidant gas. In the  current study, experiments were carried out in an induction furnace and CO2  was introduced with the view to partly reduce PO2 and partly as an oxidizer.  During these experiments, the decarburization of molten Cr-alloy was  conducted using pure O2, pure CO2 or O2+CO2 mixtures. The results  demonstrated that the Cr loss can be minimized under CO2 introduction. The  kinetic analysis showed that the mass transfer is effective due to the  production of 2CO gas molecules from one CO2 molecule during the reaction  which will improve the stirring of the bath. Besides, CO2 reacts with carbon  in melt is an endothermic reaction, introduction of CO2 could be a cooler  during the refining process, hence the temperature could be controlled by  controlling the diluting gas amount, in this case, the over heat of bath  refractory could be prevented and the lifetime of refractory could be  extended

Decarburization of ferrochrome and high alloy steels with optimized gas and slag phases towards improved Cr retention