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Genetic distance among six elite maize inbred lines was analyzed using SSR   markers. Hybrid progeny obtained by crossing inbred lines according an   incomplete diallel design was tested in field trials together with inbred   lines per se.The objective of this study was to determine genetic distance   of inbred maize lines and to examine if a significant correlation exist   between the genetic distance of parental lines and the exhibited high parent   heterosis (HPH) and specific combining abilities (SCA) for grain yield, ear   lenght, kernel row numberand number of kernels per row. Twenty one SSR   primers were used for genetic assesment of inbreds with detected 92 alleles.   Genetically most distant lines were ZPL1 and ZPL5 and ZPL6 with the GD value   of 0.549, while the closest one were ZPL2 and ZPL3 with GD value of 0.11.   The dendrogram distinguished two main groups of inbreds: ZPL5 and ZPL6   grouped in a smaller cluster and ZPL1, ZPL2, ZPL3 and ZPL4 forming the   second cluster. Values of the Spearman?s rank correlation coefficient   between genetic distance among inbred lines based on SSR markers and SCA for   all analyzed traits were positive and significant with the exception of rows   per ear. Highest correlation was exhibited between the genetic distance and   SCA for number of kernels per row (0.643). Spearman?s rank correlation   coefficient between GD and high parent heterosis was positive and   significant for ear length and kernel number in row with coefficient values   of 0.554 and 0.611, respectively.

Genetic distance of maize inbred lines based on SSR markers for prediction of heterosis and combining ability