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Diversity of trichothecene chemotypes of Fusarium graminearum isolated from   kernels of wheat, barley and maize grown under various agro-ecological   conditions on 13 locations was analysed. Sixteen strains were tested for the   effective capability to produce 15-ADON, 3-ADON and NIV, by using the liquid   chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) system. Fourteen out of   sixteen analyzed strains produced 15-ADON, while remaining two were of the   3-ADON chemotype. Multiplex PCR reaction with two sets of specific primers   for TRI3 and TRI12 genes was applied to identify trichothecene chemotypes   (3-ADON, 15-ADON and NIV). The expected sizes of amplified fragments for TRI3   gene primer set are 840 bp (NIV), 610 bp (15-ADON) and 243 bp (3-ADON). The   amplified fragments for TRI12 gene primer set should be 840 bp (NIV), 670 bp   (15-ADON) and 410 bp (3-ADON). All F. graminearum isolates were of the   15-ADON chemotype, i.e. their bands were 610 bp and 670 bp size for TRI3 and   TRI12 genes, respectively. The results indicate that genotypic   characterisation does not correspond to determined chemotypes and this is a   reason why the analyses for the risk of mycotoxins contamination should not   be based only on trichotecene genotype determination. Due to high temperature   differences in cereal growing regions in Serbia, the presence of other   chemotypes could be expected. In order to determine whether besides 15-ADON   there are other F. graminearum chemotypes on wheat, barley and maize kernels,   further studies should include a large number of isolates from different   agro-ecological conditions. [Project of the Serbian Ministry of Education,   Science and Technological Development, Grant no. TR31023

Trichothecene chemotype diversity of Fusarium graminearum isolated from wheat, maize and barley in Serbia