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Due to specific climatic conditions, perennial ryegrass breeding in Serbia is  focused on resistance or tolerance to abiotic stress factors, especially to  drought and high temperatures. These traits should be associated with high  dry matter yield and quality. Therefore, most frequently used initial  material is autochthonous populations and ecotypes adapted to local  agro-ecological conditions, but knowledge about their variability of  important traits for breeding is missing. Pre-selection evaluation of ten  populations of perennial ryegrass originating from Serbia is presented in  this paper. Twenty five traits were investigated during the two-year period  and processed using analysis of variance and multivariate statistical methods  (cluster and principal components analysis). The goal was to determine  diversity and genetic distances of investigated populations by phenotyping  and to define traits considerably affecting the variability and  discrimination of populations. On cluster diagram two groups of population  are observed, but geographic origin of populations (lowland, hilly,  mountainous habitat) was not influence to clustering of collection. Factor  analysis has clarified that first seven principal components (PC) described  almost 95%. The traits which show high correlation coefficients with first  principal component were plant height in first cut, leaf length and width, DM  of generative tillers, spike and spikelet length and 1000 seed weight, and  with second principal component time of heading, terminal internode length,  DM of vegetative tillers, spikelet number and FSU. It can be concluded that  variability between populations was high and that differences of population  were mainly affected by most important traits for breeding, such as  components of dry matter production and some seed yield components

genetika

Evaluation of morphological traits, dry matter yield and quality of Lolium perenne L. autochthonous populations from Serbia through multivariate analysis