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The phytate function in plants is still not completely understood: it is the  primary storage P form in seeds that is utilized during germination and early  seedling development. Approaches to resolve problem of the bad nutritive  quality of grain phytate include engineering of crops with reduced levels of  seed phytic acid. The objective of this study was to investigate genetic  variability and correlation of phytic (Pphy) and inorganic phosphorus (Pi)  and soluble proteins among 28 maize populations, consisted into three groups:  low-, intermediate- and high-phytic populations, with the aim to determine  the potential of enhancing the P profile of maize plants and high grain yield  through selection. The highest genetic variability of Pi and Pphy content in  leaves was expressed in group with intermediate Pphy content in grain.  Meanwhile, leaves of low-phytic populations were characterized with low Pphy,  too (averagely 18%) and high content of soluble proteins (averagely 15%) in  relation to high- and intermediate-phytic populations. Additionally, the  lowest genetic variability of protein content was also noticeable in leaves  of low-phytic populations. Positive correlation between Pi and protein  content was observed in leaves of low- and high-phytic populations. The  negative correlation between Pphy and Pi was detected in maize grain, but  correlation was significant only in intermediate-phytic group. The highest,  but not significant, average yield was observed in group of low-phytic  populations, as well as its relative high genetic variability. That indicates  that development of high yielding genotypes with lower phytate in grain is  reasonable, and could be potentially useful in enhancing the sustainability  and decreasing of environmental impact in agricultural production

The variation of phytic and inorganic phosphorus in leaves and grain in maize populations