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The solutions containing ammonia allow for selective leaching of the copper  from a copper ore. In this study, the leaching and kinetics of malachite ore  were examined using ammonium acetate solutions as an alternative lixiviant.  The effects of some experimental parameters on the leaching of malachite ore  were investigated. A kinetic model to represent the effects of these  parameters on the leaching rate was developed. It was determined that the  leaching rate increased with increasing solution concentration, temperature  and stirring speed, and decreasing particle size and solid-to-liquid ratio.  It was found that the leaching reaction followed the mixed kinetic control  model. The activation energy of this leaching process was determined to be  59.6 kJmol-1. Consequently, it was determined that ammonium acetate solutions  could be used as an effective leaching agent for the copper extraction form  malachite ore

Investigation of the use of ammonium acetate as an alternative lixiviant in the leaching of malachite ore