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Toxicity of synthetic (contact) insecticides against adults of laboratory population of Tribolium castaneum and susceptibility/resistance of the populations from different storage facilities was studied. Toxicity parameters (LD parameters and ld-p lines) were determined after microapplication of the following insecticides: dichlorvos, malathion, pirimiphos-methyl, chlorpyrifos-methyl, deltamethrin and bifenthrin and after application of insecticide products: malathion, pirimiphos-methyl, chlorpyrifos-methyl, deltamethrin with piperonyl butoxide, bifenthrin, thiamethoxam, spinosad and abamectin on wheat grain. Effects of natural insecticides (inert dust) based on zeolites (Natural zeolite, Fine granulated natural zeolite, Modified natural zeolite) and diatomaceous earth (DE S-1, DE S-2, Protect-It) against T. castaneum adults from laboratory population and populations with altered susceptibility to contact insecticides at different air humidity, were also determined. Effects of extreme temperature of 50°C were evaluated by exposure of T. castaneum from laboratory population and resistant populations in flour and wheat grain. In interaction with sublethal exposures (LT25 and LT50) at 50°C in wheat grain, effects of LD50 of synthetic insecticides and inert dusts (0,25 and 0,5 g/kg) were established. Using microapplication, it was found that deltamethrin is the most toxic insecticide to laboratory population, and populations from Nikinci and Jakovo. The most toxic insecticide to T. castaneum populations from Nikinci selected with pirimiphos-methyl, was chlorpyrifos-methyl and to populations selected with deltamethrin, it was pirimiphos-methyl. In all populations, malathion expressed the lowest toxicity, and in seven out of 12 populations, discriminative dose of this insecticide caused mortality <85%. The most toxic insecticide in wheat grain to adults from laboratory and populations from Jakovo and Nikinci selected with deltamethrin was thiamethoxam, and to adults from Nikinci and adults from Nikinci selected with pirimiphos-methyl, it was deltamethrin with piperonyl butoxide. Population from Jakovo developed resistance to malathion while population from Nikinci, besides to malathion, showed resistance to thiamethoxam and abamectin. Efficacy of inert dusts depends on relative air humidity and dust properties (SiO2 content and particle size). A notable insecticidal potential of the dusts DE S-1, DE S-2 and Natural zeolite was found, while the product Protect-It had significantly higher efficacy. High efficacy and progeny reduction were obtained after 21-day exposure to inert dusts. No statistically significant differences in susceptibility to diatomaceous earth were found between laboratory population and populations from Nikinci and Kikinda which expressed altered susceptibility to malathion. No statistically significant differences were found for effect of extreme temperature of 50°C in flour and wheat grain on T. castaneum from tested populations. Efficacy of synthetic insecticides was significantly increased in interaction with 50°C, and the strongest effect of interaction was established for bifenthrin, while for thiamethoxam and abamectin the effect was the weakest. Efficacy of diatomaceus earth product was significantly increased in interaction with 50°C, while weak impact of interaction on efficacy of other dusts was observed.

Susceptibility of red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) populations to synthetic and natural insecticides in interaction with effects of extreme temperature