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The effect of combined feed supplements (prilled fat, sweetener and toxin  binder) was studied on 24 apparently healthy early lactating rural and urban  maintained Murrah buffaloes. The feeding of combined feed supplement was  carried out for a period of 90 days. DMI, BCS, body weight were recorded at  fortnightly intervals and milk composition was analyzed at weekly intervals.  Blood samples were analyzed for hormones, plasma metabolites and lipid  profile. The supplementation increased (p<0.01) milk yield by 13.6 and 17.0%  in urban and rural Murrah buffaloes with respective increases of 20.14  and14.98% in milk fat (p 0.05)  between the groups. Body weight increased in rural buffaloes in comparison to  urban buffaloes. Plasma GH was higher (p<0.05) before supplementation and  fluctuated non-significantly (P>0.05) during supplementation period. Mean  leptin levels decreased (p<0.05) while plasma estradiol and IgG level  increased during the supplementation period. Plasma progesterone and ghrelin  level varied non-significantly before and during supplementation. Plasma  IGF-1 and glucose levels was more and NEFA level was lower (p<0.05) during  the experiment. Mean HDL, triglyceride and cholesterol concentration  increased (P<0.05) during supplementation than before supplementation. Blood  urea nitrogen and plasma urea level was lower before feeding and increased  during the experiment. The conception rate was more and service period was  less (P<0.05) in urban buffaloes as compared to rural buffaloes. The complete  feed supplementation was highly economical and generated an additional income  of Rs. 114.45/day/buffalo with cost benefit ratio of 1:5. It was concluded  that complete feed comprising of prilled fat, sweetener and toxin binder  augment overall productive performance of rural and urban buffaloes.

Plasma hormones and milk production performances in early lactation buffaloes supplemented with a mixture of prilled fat, sweetener and toxin binder