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In order to investigate transport stress on porcine peripheral blood  lymphocyte subsets and Th cytokines, blood samples were collected from pigs  before and after transport. Creatine kinase (CK), alkaline phosphatase (ALP),  lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), glucose, and cortisol in the serum were  measured. The number of leukocytes and lymphocytes, percentages of lymphocyte  subsets, as well as Th cell cytokines level and their mRNA expression were  detected, respectively. After transport, the level of CK, glucose and  interleukin (IL)-4 increased significantly (p<0.01), LDH, Th memory cells,  natural killer and interferon (IFN)-γ increased significantly (p<0.05),  cortisol, number of leukocytes and lymphocytes decreased (p<0.01),  percentages of γ δ T cells, naïve Th cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes  decreased significantly (p<0.05). The mRNA expressions IL-2 and IFN-γ were  down regulated, p<0.01 and p<0.05, respectively. While IL-4, IL-6, and IL-10  were up regulated, but only IL-10 displayed a highly significant difference  (p<0.01). These data suggested that transport could cause immune suppression  in pigs, which influences cellular immunity more than humoral immunity, and  humoral immunity may play an important role in transport stress. Proper  measures should be taken to reduce susceptibility of infection after  transport

Effect of transport stress on peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets and Th cytokines in pigs