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The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the antidotal potencies of  methylprednisolone (soluble form, Lemod-solu®), nimesulide, N-acetylcysteine  (Fluimucil®) and their combinations in rats treated with 1.0 LD50 (0.23  mg/kg) of trichothecene mycotoxin, T-2 toxin. Their antidotal efficacy was  investigated by monitoring their effects on general condition,  24-hour-survival, body weight gain, food and water consumption and  pathohistological changes in the gut of Wistar rats acutely treated with a  single injection of T-2 toxin during a 4-week period. The highest protective  index was obtained with methylprednisolone (2.43). Initial loss of body  weight (after first 7 days) was found only in T-2 toxin group. During the  whole experiment, in poisoned rats protected by methylprednisolone or  methylprednisolone and nimesulide, a significant increase (p<0.001) in body  weight gain, food and water consumption in comparison with T-2 toxin group  was found. At the end of the experiment, N-acetylcysteine, nimesulide and  their combination assured higher (p<0.05) weight gain, food and water  consumption in comparison with T-2 toxin group. Signs of hemorrhagic  diathesis and necrosis of the gut crypt epithelium and lymphoid tissues were  found in the T-2 toxin group. Some of these histological alterations were  presented in the gut of poisoned rats treated by nimesulide, Nacetylcysteine  and their combination. The gut of T-2 toxin rats treated with a combination  of methylprednisolone and nimesulide and especially methylprednisolone alone  had a histological structure similar to the control group. These results  clearly show that methylprednisolone, a well-known anti-inflammatory and  immunosuppressive drug, exerts the best antidotal effect against T-2 toxin  intoxication in rats

Gastroprotective effects of novel antidotal combination in rats acutely poisoned by T-2 toxin