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Nicholsen attempts to bring together the thoughts and philosophies of great nature writers, teachers and thinkers as well as thoughts and writings of artists and psychologists to make her points in this work of nature study and doomsday warning. The book wants us to consider our place in the development of the world, to consider and reconsider the place of people within the natural world unfolding, and our presence so strongly felt in each part of the world. Human presence is an essential part of the world rather than opposition to the world, and nature does not need to be suppressed in order for us to have a fullness of life. But nature has to be meaningful to us first, since our capacity to appreciate the world around us impacts upon our own interior life and perception of what will sustain our lives. If we cannot see the world around us, we cannot care for it. The text reads as much like a poem as a discussion in many places, with quotes from a great variety of writers illuminating the points which Nicholsen tries to make. I found myself leafing through the book to reread quotes from Thoreau, Paul Shepherd, Gary Snyder, Aldo Leopold and Jack Turner. Many other writers from a variety of traditions are included illustrating the views of nature synonymous with art, spirituality, philosophy and psychology. In fact, the Name Index lists 135 different authors, some of them quoted several times, a large number of source authors for a 200-page text. The number of authors included shows us the magnitude of literature supporting Nicholsen’s thesis; love of nature is one of the defining aspects of art, spirituality and philosophical thinking over the ages. with environmentally-friendly chemicals, just wages, and competition which allows independent operators to remain active? In answering these questions the book includes a lot of data presented in a readable narrative telling how the system of business and human resources relates to the environment, and how the agents of change have to be real agents in people’s lives and business interests. In our society respect of the environment also has to take into account our financial securities and business success or failure. Gottlieb gives us details of different cultures, situations, and businesses impacting on environmental justice and pollution prevention situations. The book is divided into two parts. The first part is a discussion on the bounds and restrictions which people feel when confronted with issues of environmental justice. Corporate excuses, small companies’ pressures to survive and individual citizens’ concerns for cleaner, healthier living are all parts of the discussion. All of these human situations impose boundaries on action proposed by environmental concerns or pollution prevention schemes. Gottlieb shows us good news too, where some positive steps have been taken in urban areas and where work is in progress. The second part tells stories of three industries which are embracing change under the conditions discussed in the first chapters, the dry cleaning industry, the janitorial cleaning suppliers and the community’s supply of fresh, economical and local food. Gottlieb takes us into a history of the dry cleaning industry, its beginnings, growth, present status and the future of the industry. There has always been potential for pollution in that industry and our desire for hygiene has constantly been at odds with the very mechanics of maintaining the service which we have adopted. On the horizon for us, there are potentials for a cleaner service with less pollution, and the alternative of more efficient ways of using the same service but with the same kind of pollution. The providers of office cleaning service have an industry which is rampant with low-salaried workers using volatile chemicals with little or no training nor protection from fumes, skin contact or emergency response. Smaller operators are forced to compete or go under and use the same chemicals also without training. Illegal aliens, underage and family workers are all involved to make a small business operate successfully. And when the family and the underpaid workers spend their wages, they often have to shop in neighbourhoods which are under-served by the large grocery chains because their urban area is too poor to support a store which will guarantee a supply of fresh nourishing fruits and vegetables so readily available to the more affluent areas. Local urban bylaws will also keep open-air markets from operating in poor neighbourhoods, and local growers and suppliers would not be able to market independently due to health by-laws or zoning bylaws heavily influenced by the same chain superstores which will not locate in the poor neighbourhoods. The book has a wealth of information from careful scholarship and even has some good news for the future. As most of the environmental literature, it shows the amount of work which is going on and the lack of or limited successes which environmental policies can gain. Much more work remains to be done, but the story is being told and Gottlieb tells the story well holding our interest in each part. JIM O’NEILL

"The Love of Nature and the End of the World: The Unspoken Dimensions of Environmental Concern" by Shierry Weber Nicholsen [book review]