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Ambient temperature, frequency and intensity of precipitation in natural conditions are random processes that cannot be controlled. Therefore, it will be possible to regulate the moisture content on the roots spreading zone only due to the formation by the tillage machines and their working bodies of a certain soil structure in the layer being treated, on which the heat exchange between soil horizons will depend. To select and justify the type of tillage machines and their working bodies, it is proposed to develop a soil condition model that describes the moisture content level of the root zone for certain soil and weather conditions, presented in the form of a dynamic system. To develop a common model of the soil state based on the parameters of heat and moisture transfer, elementary layers soil state models were completed for the each layer to a depth until 90 cm. The conducted field experimental studies made it possible to obtain reliable information on the state of the soil in terms of its moisture and temperature in different layers of the soil horizon, depending on the use of different types of interrow cultivators in the intensive technology of potato growing in the same soil and climatic conditions on the same field. Statistical processing of the results of experimental studies made it possible to obtain a reliable estimate of the soil temperature and soil moisture content processes. Based on the mathematical processing of the experimental data, elementary model operators were obtained and their validity was verified by regression analysis methods. Due to using these models, it is possible to make a prognostic assessment of the soil moisture parameter in the underlying layers of the soil horizon based on an assessment of the degree of moistening topsoil layer. It is also possible to predict the level of moisture supply of plants depending on the type of tillage and its depth.

engineering for rural development

Selection and justification of potato inter row tillage systems based on development of dynamic model of heat and moisture transfer between soil layers