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Background The harmful effect of manganese chloride on postnatal spermatogenesis was evidently concluded in previous experimental researches, however, the molecular changes related to this effect of manganese chloride needs further elaboration. Objective To investigate the toxic effect of prenatal manganese chloride exposure on adult mice testes using malondialdehyde (MDA) antibodies as an immunohistochemical marker. Methods In this study, 30 pregnant mice were divided into control and experimental groups. The experimental animals were given 0.1 ml of manganese chloride solution (8000 mg/Liter concentration) orally during the first 17 days of pregnancy. The control group of pregnant mice was given 0.1 ml of distilled water orally rather than the solution of manganese chloride. Paraffin sections of the offspring mice testes were stained for general histological features and for antiMDA immunohistochemical evaluation. The Aperio Image Scope v.9 software was used to evaluate the immunohistochemical reaction. Results Sections of testes from mice of the experimental group showed distorted morphology and organization of the stages of sperm development with distorted histological criteria of the interstitial tissue. Results from mice testes revealed statistically significant variability of antimalondialdehyde (MDA) immunohistochemical expression in the experimental group compared to that of the control group. Conclusion Manganese chloride induced lipid peroxidation as part of its toxic effect. This lipid peroxidation caused cellular injury leading to apoptosis and autophagy.

IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL MALONDIALDEHYDE ANTIBODIES CHANGES OF THE ADULT MICE TESTES AFFECTED BY PRENATAL MANGANESE CHLORIDE EXPOSURE