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Chemokines and chemokine receptors play the key role in the regulation of targeted migration of leucocytes in the blood and tissues. They are involved in the pathogenesis of many diseases. Presently, special attention has been paid to the chemokine receptor CCR5. CCR5 is ascribed to the superfamily of transmembrane receptors conjugated with G-protein. The CCR5 protein is coded by CCR5 gene located on short arm of chromosome 3 at position 21 (3p21) [1]. There exists CCR5 delta32 polymorphism type representing deletion of 32 pairs of the nucleotides in the coding area of CCR5 gene. As a result of mutant gene expression in the homozygous state, shortened and functionally inactive CCR5 protein is translated [2, 3]. Homozygous carriers of CCR5 delta32 make nearly 1% of the representatives of the European race and heterozygous on average 10-15 %. Among representatives of the Negroid and Mongoloid races no homozygous carriers of CCR5 delta32 mutation have been found [4]. The prevalence of polymorphism under consideration decreases from north to the south of Europe. The highest prevalence (16 %) of deletion allele carriage has been found in the Finnish and Mordovian populations and the lowest (4 %) in Sardinia [5]. Also, high polymorphism prevalence was found in France (13.6 %) and Denmark (12.3 %). Lucotte G. and G. Mercier have reported decrease of polymorphism prevalence in southern countries: 5.6%in the Italians and 1.2%in the Corsicans [6]. The individuals of the Russian ethnic group of Pomors have the high rate of the CCR5 delta32 polymorphism: 3.1%of homozygous and 30.2%of heterozygous. The prevalence of CCR5 delta32 genotype is also high in the Gagausian ethnic group: 2.1%for homozygous and 19.9%for heterozygous; and in the West-Ukrainian ethnic group: 2.1%for homozygous and 20.8%for heterozygous [7]. As has been shown, the CCR5 delta32 mutation carriers have lesser probability for development and more benign course of autoimmune diseases. Indeed, several authors reported favorable clinical course and better prognosis for patients with rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis in the presence of CCR5 delta32 mutation, both in the homozygous ABSTRACT

klìtinna ta organna transplantologìâ

Scientific-organizational aspects for developing an inventory of the donors of umbilical cord blood with CCR5 delta32/delta32 genotype for HIV infection treatment