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This chapter focuses on the dimension of sorcery and witchcraft defined by Mary Patterson as ‘the belief, and those practices associated with the belief, that one human being is capable of harming another by magical or supernatural means’.1 Sorcery and witchcraft in Melanesia mean that misfortune, accidents, business failures, sickness and death are commonly believed to have been deliberately caused by certain individuals through the use of supernatural powers, rather than resulting from natural causes. In turn, this may lead to violent responses against those accused of sorcery or witchcraft, which can involve prolonged torture, public executions, riots, warfare, banishment of individuals and entire families, and burning of houses and other property damage (Chandler 2013). These responses differ enormously in type and scale around the region, and are at their most extreme in parts of Papua New Guinea (PNG). However, in many other areas of PNG and Melanesia in general, sorceryand witchcraft-related concerns are dealt with through non-violent community mechanisms.

A Pluralist Response to the Regulation of Sorcery and Witchcraft in Melanesia