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The following article employs an interdisciplinary approach to understanding some of the current paradoxes around internal violence in Latin America. By analyzing race, citizenship, and other historical legacies in the region we discuss the development of “citizenship” and “crime” as categories for social exclusion and inclusion. Specifically, different security doctrines are analyzed to better understand how these processes have evolved since the end of the Cold War. In the closing section, some possible solutions are presented. Key-words: Security Doctrine; Latin America; Citizenship; Race.

Crime, citizenship and race: Latin American dilemmas in security doctrine