Patogenesis Human Papillomavirus (HPV) pada Kanker Serviks

Cervical cancer is the most common cancer among women in the world. The main cause of the development of cervical cancer is due to persistent infection of a high-risk type (HR) Human Papillomavirus (HPV). The mechanisms of HPV in causing cervical cancer are discussed in this article that collected from current information published in a scientific journal. The main target of HPV infection is the basal layer of cervical epithelia and the virus could reach its target when there is a microabrasion of epithelial cells. The HPV binds to its specific receptor on the host cellular surface and followed by the entering virus into the cytoplasm through the endocytosis process. After successfully entering the cell, the virus will uncoat and begin the replication process by hijacking the transcription and translation system of host cells. E6 and E7 proteins play an important role in the inactivation of tumor suppressor proteins p53 and pRb, causing the cells to uncontrolled divide (immortal). If the immune response failed to interfere with the replication process and eliminates HPVinfected cells, the HPV infection will lead to cervical cancer. In conclusion, the mechanism of HPV causing cervical cancer is complex and involves important proteins of HPV. Keyword: Cervical cancer, Human Papillomavirus (HPV), E6, E7, suppressor protein