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Latar Belakang: Resistensi terhadap insektisida terutama terjadi karena adanya perubahan pada enzim metabolik serangga. Enzim metabolik yang sering berperan dalam kejadian resistensi antara lain adalah esterase dan monooksigenase. Metode: Uji kerentanan dan uji biokimia untuk mendeteksi resistensi terhadap malation dan cypermetrin dilakukan pada Aedes aegypti dari Wonosobo (daerah endemis baru infeksi Dengue di dataran tinggi). Uji coba yang dilakukan pada generasi F1 nyamuk Ae.aegypti yang tertangkap di lapangan bertujuan untuk mengetahui mekanisme resistensi berdasarkan aktivitas dua enzim detoksifikasi yaitu esterase dan monooksigenase. Wawancara dengan menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur dilakukan untuk mengetahui penggunaan insektisida oleh masyarakat dan pemerintah daerah. Hasil: Uji kerentanan menunjukkan mortalitas sebesar 23,4% setelah terpapar malathion 0,8% dan 46,7% setelah terpapar cypermethrin 0,05%. Hasil uji biokimia menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas esterase dan monooksigenase cenderung meningkat pada Ae.aegypti di Wonosobo. Wawancara dan kuesioner menyimpulkan bahwa cypermetrin adalah satu-satunya golongan insektisida yang digunakan dalam program pengendalian vektor oleh Dinas Kesehatan Wonosobo dan merupakan tipe insektisida yang paling sering digunakan di rumah tangga oleh masyarakat Wonosobo untuk mengendalikan populasi Ae.aegypti. Kesimpulan: Ditemukan nyamuk Ae. aegypti yang mengalami peningkatan aktivitas enzim esterase dan monooksigenase pada populasi Ae. aegypti di Kabupaten Wonosobo. Hal ini selaras dengan status resistensi populasi nyamuk tersebut yang resisten terhadap Malation dan Cypermetrin. Kata kunci: Ae.aegypti Wonosobo, biokimia, paparan insektisida, resistensi Abstract Background: Resistance to insecticides mainly occurs due to changes in insect metabolic enzyme. A metabolic enzyme which was often involved in insecticide resistance is esterase and monooxygenase. Methods: Susceptibility test and biochemical assay to detect malathion and cypermethrin resistance were conducted on Aedes aegypti from Wonosobo (new highland Dengue endemic area). The test was performed on F1 generation of Ae.aegypti field caught mosquitoes which aimed to determine the resistance mechanisms regarding two detoxifying enzymes i.e. esterase and monooxygenase. Interview using structured questionnaires was conducted to investigate the usage of insecticide by the society and local government. Results: Susceptibility test showed 23.4 and 46.7% mortalities after exposure to 0.8% malathion and 0.05% cypermethrin. The biochemical assay result suggested that esterase, and monooxygenase activity tend to increase in Ae.aegypti in Wonosobo. Interview and questionnaires conclude that synthetic pyrethroid was the only insecticide type used in vector control program by Wonosobo Health Office and was the most frequent insecticide type to be used in household by Wonosobo society to control Ae.aegypti population. Conclusion: Aedes aegypti with increased esterase and monooxygenase activity were found in Wonosobo. This result was in line with the resistance status of Ae. aegypti population in Wonosobo which resistant to Malathion and Cypermethrin. Keywords: Ae.aegypti Wonosobo, biochemical, insecticide exposure, resistance

health science journal of indonesia

Biochemical characterization of insecticide resistance and exposure in Aedes aegypti population from Wonosobo (a new highland Dengue endemic area), Central Java, Indonesia