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Malaria is still a public health problem in Indonesia, often leading to outbreak and ranks 8th out of the top ten leading causes of death in East Indonesia. Merauke Regency is a regency in East Indonesia still has the problem of malaria. Information about the capability of transmitting malaria in the region is still lacking, therefore in June 2014 a research has been done on the Distribution and Behavior of Malaria Vectors in Merauke. The goal of the research is to understand the bio-ecology of malaria vectors as a basic for the development of malaria control policy of the Department of Health Merauke in accordance with local environmental conditions. The study was conducted in four districts in Merauke. ie Tanah Miring district, Kurik, Sota and Merauke. The results showed that in Merauke the natural breeding habitat were ditches, puddles, ponds and marshes, rice fields, irrigation canals and man-made habitats such as a hole as a results of digging soil to make bricks. Anopheles larvae and mosquitoes that were successfully collected from the district of Merauke were An. bancroftii, An. farauti A1b, An. hilli, An. lungae, An. meraukensis, and An. peditaeniatus. Keywords: malaria vector, Anopheles spp., behavior, distribution Abstrak Malaria masih merupakan masalah kesehatan di Indonesia, sering menimbulkan wabah dan peringkat ke-8 dari sepuluh penyebab utama kematian di Indonesia Timur. Kabupaten Merauke merupakan salah satu Kabupaten di Indonesia Timur yang masih memiliki masalah malaria. Informasi tentang vektor penular malaria di wilayah tersebut masih sangat kurang, oleh karena itu pada bulan Juni 2014 telah dilakukan penelitian Distribusi dan Perilaku Vektor Malaria di Kabupaten Merauke, dengan tujuan memahami Bio-ekologi vektor malaria sebagai dasar pengembangan kebijakan pengendalian malaria bagi Dinas Kesehatan Merauke yang sesuai dengan kondisi lingkungan setempat. Penelitian dilakukan di 4 distrik di Kabupaten Merauke. yaitu distrik Tanah miring, Kurik, Sota dan Merauke. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di Kabupaten Merauke terdapat habitat perkembangbiakan alami berupa parit, kobakan, kubangan, kolam dan rawa-rawa, persawahan dan saluran irigasi dan dan buatan manusia berupa kolam tidak produktif yang terbentuk akibat galian tanah untuk membuat batu bata. Larva dan nyamuk Anopheles yang berhasil dikoleksi dari wilayah Kabupaten Merauke adalah An. bancroftii, An. farauti A1b, An. hilli, An. lungae, An. meraukensis, dan An. peditaeniatus. Kata kunci : vektor malaria, Anopheles spp., perilaku, distribusi

Distribusi dan Perilaku Vektor Malaria di Kabupaten Merauke, Papua