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Amino acids (AAs), important substrates for the synthesis of proteins and other nitrogenous compounds, are also key regulators of major metabolic pathways essential for organism maintenance, growth, immunity and reproduction (Jobgen et al., 2006; Suenaga et al., 2008). It is well known that the intestinal nutrients absorption is mediated by transporter proteins expressed on enterocytes. AAs are transported into the cell by several specific transporters (Verrey et al., 2004) or as diand tripeptides by the peptide transporter (Leibach and Ganapathy, 1996). For example, transporters have been characterized as specific for basic amino acids (e.g., cationic amino acids transporter 1, CAT1), neutral amino acids (e.g., system B0 neutral amino acids transporter, B0AT1) and acidic amino acids (e.g., excitatory amino acids carrier 1, EAAC1) (Kanai and Hediger, 2003). The AAs transporters: B0AT1, CAT1, EAAC1 and peptide transporter T1 (PEPT1) are closely associated with AAs absorption capacity in the small intestinal epithelium (Regnault et al., 2002; Hu et al., 2008). In swine diets, Lys is ABSTRACT. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of increasing dietary standardized ileal digestible (SID) lysine (Lys) level on the expression of jejunal amino acids (AAs) transporters and the microflora in the hindgut of weaned pigs. One hundred and twenty weanling pigs weighing 8.10 ± 0.48 kg were randomly assigned according to body weight and sex to 5 treatments with 6 replicates per treatment and 4 pigs per replicate. Pigs were fed diets with 0.98, 1.11, 1.23, 1.35 or 1.48% of SID Lys for 28 days. The mRNA expression of cationic amino acids transporter 1 (CAT1) in jejunum was higher in groups fed with 1.23, 1.35 and 1.48% SID Lys addition (P < 0.05). There was stated a linear increase in the mRNA expressions of CAT1, excitatory amino acids carrier 1 (EAAC1) and peptide transporter T1 (PEPT1) (linear, P < 0.05). In the caecum, the populations of bacteria and the content of butyric acid were significantly influenced (P < 0.05) by dietary SID Lys. In animals fed diet with 1.35% SID Lys a content of butyric acid was the highest (P < 0.05). Moreover, the populations of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium in caecum and colon increased (linear, P < 0.05; quadratic, P < 0.05) as dietary SID Lys level increased. The obtained results showed that dietary SID Lys level may influence AAs absorption and promote the hindgut health. The suggested supplementation of SID Lys to the weaned pigs’ diet is 1.35%. Received: 12 April 2017 Revised: 18 March 2018 Accepted: 1 August 2018

Effects of dietary lysine levels on jejunal expression of amino acids transporters and hindgut microflora in weaned pigs